標題: 自製240V AC Mains Filter [打印本頁]

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-5 07:49     標題: 自製240V AC Mains Filter

因為係DIY, 所以決定Post 係呢到 Instead of Post 係「影音領域 」... 如果貼錯, 請見諒!

平時D Mains Supply 有RFI, voltage spike...等等嘅interenference, 對耳挑剔D都可能會聽到個Speaker "Tac Tac"聲.... 嚴重D仲可能會係個Mon/TV 睇到D雜訊添!

High end D 嘅Mains Filter 分分鐘要成幾千元先有得傾~ 唔想用gum 多錢, 但又想少Ｄ雜訊？試吓呢個Parallel Mains Filter 幫唔幫到手啦! 唔得先買高級Filter 都唔遲嘛!

用料:
1 275V AC Varistor (Voltage Dependant Resistor)
1 Capacitor X1 Class 0.1uF
2 Capacitor Y Class 0.0022uF
1 普通13A Mains Plug
1 1A Fuse

[attach]596544[/attach]
[attach]596545[/attach]

Wiring Diagram
[attach]596546[/attach]

DIY 過程

先分拆個Mains Plug
[attach]596547[/attach]
之後決定安裝個0.1uF Cap 嘅地方
[attach]596548[/attach]
如果需要, Mark 下要Cut 走嘅部份
[attach]596549[/attach]
[attach]596550[/attach]
好Fit!
[attach]596551[/attach]
[attach]596552[/attach]

同樣, 決定安裝VDR & 2 個0.0022uF Cap 嘅地方... Fit 好後Cut 腳
[attach]596553[/attach]
[attach]596554[/attach]
[attach]596555[/attach]

Prepare 好嘅Parts
[attach]596556[/attach]

加Insulation Tape
[attach]596557[/attach]

安裝過程:
[attach]596558[/attach]
[attach]596559[/attach]
[attach]596560[/attach]
[attach]596561[/attach]
[attach]596562[/attach]
[attach]596563[/attach]
[attach]596564[/attach]
[attach]596565[/attach]

完成!
[attach]596566[/attach]
[attach]596567[/attach]


宜家Plug 呢個Filter 到近 Noise Interference 嚴重嘅地方... 開Speaker, 開Mon, 睇吓仲有無gum 多Noise?

我建議做多幾個, Plug 係屋內好幾個地方 (如: 近洗衣機, 雪櫃嘅插頭)... 效果會好D! D Parts 噤少, 又平, 做多幾個有幾難!?

呢個Filter 嘅原埋係張所有鄰近嘅Noise平定化:

個0.1uF & 0.0022uF Cap 負責平定RFI
而個VDR 就負責平定 Voltage Spike

注意: 記得個Fuse 要用越細 Amp 越好... 個人認為1A 或以下啦!
仲有! 我係唔會為任何人因為睇咗呢個Post, 自己去試做而發生嘅任何意外負上任何責任! DO IT AT YOUR OWN RISK!!!

[ 本帖最後由 dmc-12 於 2007-11-22 11:13 編輯 ]

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作者: 果汁機    時間: 2006-5-5 08:52

問題?

1)我不明白你不接線(負載)有效果嗎?

2)如果直接將電子零件安裝在蘇底是不是比較容易?

3)L==>Capacitor Y Class 0.0022uF==>E==>
Capacitor Y Class 0.0022uF==>N 要經過Earth會否因為落地而發生跳掣?

4)可以解說一下你的電子零件作用是什麼用途 ?

請大大解答..

[ 本帖最後由 果汁機 於 2006-5-5 08:54 編輯 ]

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-5 09:11

1) D Parts 本身都已經好細小, 冇需要接線噤麻煩... 不過接線效果同唔接線一樣 (不過唔好太長!)

2) 係, 不過我個做法可以話拆就拆嘛!

3) 唔會.... L=>E   and N=>E  用意係張D Mains 嚟嘅Noise Pass 到Earth

4) VDR, Voltage Dependant Resistor 係會因 Voltage 而變Resistance 嘅Resistor. 用嚟控制唔穩定嘅Voltage... 令到鄰近Parallel 嘅Voltage 都會穩定D

而嗰兩個Y Class Cap 就係張D Mains 嚟嘅Noise Pass 到Earth

Fuse, 就simply 用嚟 Just in case 保護你同你D電器law ~

[ 本帖最後由 dmc-12 於 2006-5-5 11:46 編輯 ]

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作者: dino_lo    時間: 2006-5-5 10:36

三粒cap 是否要用????( 300vac 的金屬膜).

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-5 11:02



Not totally necessary... depending on what you are after.

The two Y class Cap is not necessary if you do not need a connection from L=>E and N=>E

The X Class Cap and VDR needs to be used together (ie. the connection between L and N)

But since all the parts are not expensive, why not do it all anyway?

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-5 11:19

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-5 11:32

I wanna to ask two questions
1) How much did you spend on this mains filter?
2) Can I use the capacitors with higher capacitance?(like Y cap: 220nF)
Thanks a lot.

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-5 11:38


第三點就真係好有用
我部電腦內的電源都是這樣

之前我把cap 落在 +v and GND(唔係Earth，只係大四頭內的黑色線，0V)
沒什麼分別

一星期前無聊，落 cap 在+v and Earth(接機箱)

加了後，張sound card分析力improve到你都唔信

p.s. +v : +3.3V, +5V, +12V

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-5 11:39

I pay for the parts in UK... hence it will me more expensive than if you do one in HK.

1) I bought enough parts to make three of these, and it cost about HKD25 to complete one.

2) The values I have mentioned is optimised for UK and HK mains voltage (and I took apart high end mains filter before, and they also used the value I used), so if I am you, stick with 2.2nf

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-5 11:42


Such a detailed reply, thank you very much
I will try to buy parts this afternoon and make it toworrow(I have to retake CE)

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-5 11:59



Hehe, glad I can help!

Another mod I did to my computer is an extra earth wire from the case to the plug's earth pin. It does help to reduce noise, I can guarantee you!

I don't use my parallel port, so I got a screw, a ground wire, and a washer and screwed the wire to one of the mounting nut of the parallel port.

The other end of the wire goes to a standard 13A plug's Earth pin and plugged to the wall socket...

The results is great considering you only spend HKD 5 for all the parts!!!

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-5 12:13



Hehe, Thank u Thank u~

我做足功課先Post gar 嘛

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-5 12:15


wah, that sounds cool
This method really have to be tried by me


case --> connecting wire --> Earth port of the main plug  , right?
Can I use general connecting wire? or do I need to buy a special use earth wire?
Finally = 2 earth wire to socket?

[ 本帖最後由 Bread 於 2006-5-5 12:16 編輯 ]

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-5 12:23




"case --> connecting wire --> Earth port of the main plug  , right?"
Yep!

Yes you can use general wire... unless you want to use ultimate high end hifi ground wire!

What do u mean 2 earth wire to socket? U mean the extra ground wire joins with the original power supply plug's Earth? If that's what you are thinking, you are right!

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-5 12:35


This diagram represents my thinking, is it correct?

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-5 12:39



Perfect, exactly what I did~

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-5 12:41


I go to SSP for buying these things
Lastly, thanks for your great help!

A great technologic topic

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-5 12:48

oh...one more question
Do I need to unplug the earth wire from the plugs of org power cord?

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-5 12:53

No! Don't do that!  Leave it as it was, and just add in the extra ground wire.

Otherwise, what's the point of adding an *extra* wire!?

[ 本帖最後由 dmc-12 於 2006-5-5 12:54 編輯 ]

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作者: b52    時間: 2006-5-5 12:54

e個diy 係咪等同用濾波拖板一樣?

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-5 12:55


I have totally understood.
Later discuss

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-5 12:58



Yep, Very similar, but usually 濾波拖板 have an extra ferrite ring to tackle the RFI better.

e個diy won't be as good as a proper 濾波拖板, but it will help reducing noise from the mains

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作者: Thunderball    時間: 2006-5-5 15:36

By looking at the picture.
1. The legs of the varistor (VDR) must be must be insulated because the
2 legs are very close and chances are very high for the 2 legs shorted.
One of the legs connected to Live (L), and the other connected to
Neutral (N).  This is refers to 020.jpg.
2. Care must be taken when you close the two halves of the Plug together.
The reason is the the Plastic Standoff (of the screw) may damage the
coating of the VDR.
3. Since you have not insulated the wires (of the components and
you rely on the plastic of the plug for insulation, care must be taken
when you plug/unplug yr Finsihed Product. The reason is there are chances
for the wire shorted (L short to N, or L short to Gnd, or N short to Gnd.)
These are my observations.
One more thing is on the components, you must buy the X-Caps and Y-Caps
with proper ratins. The voltage rating (of X-Cap and Y-Cap) are all
missing here.

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作者: pslleung    時間: 2006-5-5 15:36

Do you mean plug this to those empty sockets next to the sockets plugged with PC or other AV equipment.

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-5 17:40

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-5 18:06



Oh oh, taught someone with the wrong idea tim! So shall I separate the extra earth wire to a totally unrelated blank plug/ socket?

But how come it seems to work for me? Coz my house's wiring has common/ separate ground?

Haha, new on these stuff, taught someone with the wrong idea tim~ sorry! Still a long way to learn!

[ 本帖最後由 dmc-12 於 2006-5-5 18:19 編輯 ]

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-5 18:16



Hi! Thanks for the feed back!

Yep Yep, I should be insulating all of them just to be safe~ Will do right now! But the VDR's legs are quite stiff (althought it might not look like it in the photo)... hence the reason why I left it like that when I took the photos

I was very careful when I was deciding on how the componments are placed, so the coating of the VDR was not damaged in anyways when I open or close the cases~ Thanks for the reminder though!

The X Cap I got are rated at 275vac
and the Y Caps I got are rated at 250vac

Are their values ok?

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-5 18:18



Yep, and also next to the sockets plugged with washing machines, dish washer, freezer...etc

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作者: 逆天菇    時間: 2006-5-5 18:19




they are mkt CAP

if you can get mkp class cap.. must be better

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-5 18:23



What difference would mkp class cap makes?

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作者: KSC    時間: 2006-5-5 18:46

可以先講下 X class 及Y class capacitor 有乜分別同在電件上用乜來標籤嗎?

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作者: 燒PU    時間: 2006-5-5 18:57

如果將CAP 既電容量加大.
效果會唔會更明顯gr?

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作者: KSC    時間: 2006-5-5 19:39


找到少少資料，但都係解決唔到我想問的野，加上我又唔係好明它講乜
有人可以簡單詮譯下嗎?
Class X capacitors are suitable for use in
situations where failure of the capacitors
would not lead danger of electric shock.
Overvoltage which can destroy the capacitor
may arise from lightning strike on outside
lines, from switching in neighbouring
equipment, or switching in the equipment
in which the capacitor is used.

Class Y capacitors are suitable for use in
situations, where failure of the capacitor
could lead to danger situation.


@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@
1. X cap are line to line, 0.1-1 uF. X1 for 3 phase line impulsed voltage tested at 4KV, X2 for AC wall-let impulsed voltage tested at 2.5 KV.
2. Y cap are line to neutral ground. 4700 pF. small to limit AC leakage current. Y1 for double insulation impulsed tested at 8KV, Y2 for basic insulation impulsed tested at 5KV.
3. Capacitor Discharge: The capacitor discharge test ensures that if an ac plug is abruptly removed from its receptacle, the voltage across the line and neutral terminals will not exceed a safe level. Per UL 1950, voltage across a capacitance greater than 0.1 μF must decay to 37% of the ac-input peak voltage in 1 second for type A equipment and 10 seconds for type B equipment. IEC 61010-1 requires that the pins not be hazardous (live) at 5 seconds after disconnection from the supply.

[ 本帖最後由 KSC 於 2006-5-5 19:51 編輯 ]

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-5 21:03

oh...terrible
應該無買錯架喎
run左 十六分半鐘，正當想打上來分享時...突然一爆
好在有fuse + 有穿鞋 + 有穿手套

p.s. 我無事

[ 本帖最後由 Bread 於 2006-5-5 21:05 編輯 ]

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-5 21:33

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-5 21:40


是這個
有錯的請多多指教

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-5 21:43

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-5 21:48

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-5 21:58

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-5 22:20

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-5 22:37


幸好今次無事
Thanks a lot!

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-5 22:46

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-5 23:09

Wow Bread, luck you! Sorry for the little mistake you did, but your plug looks nice!
Have another try~ Let us know the final results

And to be safe, use 1A fuse or below la

[ 本帖最後由 dmc-12 於 2006-5-5 23:12 編輯 ]

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作者: dino_lo    時間: 2006-5-5 23:12

自取定要問sales比?會唔會個零件兜是mark錯了.

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-5 23:16



Thanks for teaching

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-5 23:44


自取架
好在無事，但果下爆聲大到我仲係歷歷在目

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-5 23:46

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-5 23:49


Yup, the plug is big enough to put all parts inside it.
and the cost of this one is quite cheap, HKD 6 only!
Also, the quality of the cover is very nice.

However, I couldn't find 1A fuse in BS1363 size.
The 1A fuse I bought is a little bit smaller than the org. one that the 1A fuse can't be replaced with the 13A one.

[ 本帖最後由 Bread 於 2006-5-5 23:51 編輯 ]

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作者: 逆天菇    時間: 2006-5-6 00:01

Go Ahead.

M final term exam @ 11~13 / May

No time to Diy anymore....

anyway, Bread buy item in wah fai
+oil

DC =/= AC

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作者: 逆天菇    時間: 2006-5-6 00:08

my device

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-6 00:54



Chassis Filter!! Make a mains filter by two of these wired together = Best combination!!!

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作者: 逆天菇    時間: 2006-5-6 01:32




These is Good Idea ^^

anyway, i own some Delta Filter with 3 A max loading XD

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作者: 大雄    時間: 2006-5-6 01:50


你果隻好似勁過我果隻

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-6 02:37

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作者: tyuti    時間: 2006-5-6 07:11


個蘇頭買貴左--電工材料鋪(13A蘇頭/不碎[黑/白]只係$4)
鴨記D街檔/華輝有1A FUSE! [BS 1362]

[ 本帖最後由 tyuti 於 2006-5-6 07:17 編輯 ]

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-6 07:59

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-6 08:09

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作者: tyuti    時間: 2006-5-6 14:27


幾時有MK甘堅!! clipsal唔係神[我試過連續壞過幾個E1000蘇底的掣]，係名氣大炸!
土炮也不差!!有BSI Kite Mark就得啦!!

[ 本帖最後由 tyuti 於 2006-5-6 14:32 編輯 ]

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作者: 果汁機    時間: 2006-5-6 14:39

你都識講係E1000(平野) 當然有問題啦  最好用當然用E30 系列

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作者: Thunderball    時間: 2006-5-6 15:14

I suggest the Voltage Rating of the VDR (Varistor) be 300VAC.
275VAC rating is a little bit lower.

The EMI block (Siemens) is very good if you can fit it in to yr System (PC
or any other system).  You can find some (not many) vendor selling
AC Receptacles (with this EMI Filter ckt inside).  These EMI-Filter
Receptacles are very (and repeat very) expensive.

Many PSU vendors choose to fit  some of the parts (of the EMI ckt) on the
Mainboard (of the PSU) and some of the parts on the AC Receptacle.
You can see this inside the PSU.

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-6 21:18

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-6 21:37

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作者: dmc-12    時間: 2006-5-6 21:50



I know I know, but base on the most basic chassis filter, won't linking two together making it a dual stage filtration filter, and linking three together making it a tri stage filtration filter? Hence, giving better filtration quality?

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-6 22:01

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-6 22:18

dmc-12 兄果然無介紹錯，真係好正！
做了三個，兩個用在電腦拖板，另一個用在電視影音旁的拖板
嘩，音質好清晰呀！ <---我老豆話的

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作者: 擎    時間: 2006-5-6 22:54

如果裝在拖板裏面又點整呢？又或者整係喇叭d擴音器裏面~~
可否提供個電路圖

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作者: tyuti    時間: 2006-5-7 08:41

拖板裏面-[唔好啦，拔不掉]- 如上炮制，不過會罷左個位，必要時加萬能蘇]
喇叭擴音器-[唔好啦，拔不掉]---加萬能蘇用

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作者: 逆天菇    時間: 2006-5-7 08:47



1. 如果裝在拖板裏面又點整呢 Not enough space....

2. 又或者整係喇叭d擴音器裏面 (it should already with this equip)

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作者: 逆天菇    時間: 2006-5-7 11:04

Bread， 0.1uf 落 WIMA MKP 10 0.1uf 400V 應該仲好D wor

6/pcs，永盛有。

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-7 11:28



有空的我會出去買

[ 本帖最後由 Bread 於 2006-5-7 16:14 編輯 ]

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作者: 逆天菇    時間: 2006-5-7 11:54

找不到就找我，我都有2幾3十粒在手的 XD

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-7 15:56

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作者: Thunderball    時間: 2006-5-7 16:14

I suggest the X-Cap to be 400V Cap and the VDR should be 300V type.
The 300V VDR is meant to cut the spike (e.g. due to Motor starts),
it is not meant for max (repeat worst-case scenario) AC Line voltage.

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-7 16:16

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-7 16:41

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作者: 逆天菇    時間: 2006-5-7 20:21

要毒人，先要毒自己....

無極 CAP ( MKP,MKT 都有 XD)

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作者: 逆天菇    時間: 2006-5-7 20:22




Never mind.

WIMA 0.1 uf CAP is DC 400 V and AC 220~250 both ^^

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-7 20:26



WIMA 0.1uF 的size是多少?
如fit的話...
又有多出的話，小弟想買幾粒試試
不知可以嗎?

[ 本帖最後由 Bread 於 2006-5-7 20:28 編輯 ]

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-7 20:29


露出破綻了
不過真係好多cap呀 XD

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作者: 逆天菇    時間: 2006-5-7 20:34


仲細過你那粒。

去買啦！

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作者: 逆天菇    時間: 2006-5-7 20:36




不如送幾粒給你仲好啦。

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作者: KSC    時間: 2006-5-7 20:37


我會直接D

送幾粒比我玩

不過，仲未有人答我點在粒cap上分x/y

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作者: 逆天菇    時間: 2006-5-7 20:38



剛剛先送了散熱貼給你 XD

(其實我入了過百粒 green box.....wima 0.1 uf....)

每人3粒 OK 嗎？

END...其他那D我用來看門口。

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作者: 逆天菇    時間: 2006-5-7 20:39



x y 只是不同功能。

這些都是無極性的 CAP

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-7 20:39


真的嗎
你有空的時候才放上a shop，我不急的

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作者: 逆天菇    時間: 2006-5-7 20:41

ok

MKP 好野來的， MKP 10 更加 XD

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作者: KSC    時間: 2006-5-7 20:48


即是說在標籤上完全無分別?

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作者: 逆天菇    時間: 2006-5-7 20:50

yeah，無錯啦。

只是容量不同。

你要跟 Bread 買野先可以 D I Y WOR

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作者: KSC    時間: 2006-5-7 20:55


返學校個電子庫找下先
明天貼相上來問

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作者: 1956    時間: 2006-5-7 21:30

提示: 作者被禁止或刪除 內容自動屏蔽

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作者: 逆天菇    時間: 2006-5-7 21:36



呢粒MKP-10 好像是 AC 同 DC都合用 wor

手上沒 Data sheet

Sorry

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作者: 燒PU    時間: 2006-5-8 02:28



TY IVE?
if yes, we go together

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作者: 燒PU    時間: 2006-5-8 19:31

1 Capacitor X1 Class 0.1uF
2 Capacitor Y Class 0.0022uF

what is the voltage?

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作者: ralf    時間: 2006-5-8 19:35

我又想整一個

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作者: KSC    時間: 2006-5-8 19:44

得dc cap.....無用...明天去找下先得

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作者: marku    時間: 2006-5-8 22:14

Capacitor Y Class
0.0022uF..
where  have  ?
i    can  only  find  
0.22uf  x2  type  in  wa  fai....

wt  if  i  use  
0.22uf  x2  instead  of  0.0022uf  y  class?


x  or  y  class  cap
have  +/- terminal  ma?

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-8 22:49


AC 275V is ok.

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作者: Bread    時間: 2006-5-8 22:50


去其他地方找找啦(如RS)

If you use 0.22uf  x2  instead  of  0.0022uf  y  class, the discharge time will be higher(higher RC)(More dangerous!).
Also, there are differences between X and Y class cap.
They have no +/- terminals.

[ 本帖最後由 Bread 於 2006-5-8 22:53 編輯 ]

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作者: 燒PU    時間: 2006-5-9 01:28



i see, thank you

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作者: KSC    時間: 2006-5-9 19:48

用X2得唔得ga?
y都係，用y2得唔得?